InSAR-Based Monitoring for Tailings Storage Facilities

Morenci, Arizona | Satellite Deformation Intelligence for High-Risk Infrastructure

Project Context

Tailings storage facilities (TSFs) represent high-consequence geotechnical systems where progressive deformation may precede structural instability. Continuous, wide-area monitoring is critical to detect millimeter-scale movement patterns before they evolve into hazardous conditions.

This project applies satellite-based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to quantify surface displacement trends across embankments and deposition zones, supporting proactive stability evaluation and risk mitigation strategies.

Data & Analytical Approach

  • Sentinel-1 SAR time-series processing
  • Phase unwrapping and deformation velocity extraction
  • Millimeter-scale displacement trend modeling
  • Integration with borehole & piezometric head data
  • Spatiotemporal stability assessment

Key Technical Outcomes

  • Identification of differential settlement zones
  • Detection of gradual embankment deformation gradients
  • Correlation between pore pressure variation and surface movement
  • Demonstration of satellite InSAR as early-warning support tool

Interactive Deformation Visualization

The full deformation time-series and spatial velocity field are accessible through the Earth Engine web application below.

Launch Interactive Earth Engine App
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